damascus:
When rebels from the Middle East country Syria attacked Aleppo on November 27, President Bashar al-Assad would hardly have thought that his bad days had begun. 11 days later, on December 8, the rebels completely captured Syria. In such a situation, President Bashar al-Assad had to flee his country. According to the report of Sky News Arabia, Assad is in Russia with his family. Russian President Vladimir Putin has given him shelter. 42 year old Sunni leader Abu Mohammad al-Julani is behind the ouster of the Assad family from power. Julani has been a lieutenant of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, one of the world’s most brutal terrorists.
The man who ruled Syria as a Kshatra for 29 years, whose son ruled for 24 years. The father son duo ruled for 53 years. It did not take even 53 hours for the threat of that rule to crack and the statue to be demolished. The demolition of the statues of Al-Assad Hafez in Syria… is an expression of the anger of the people there.
Explainer: What will be the impact of the fall of Syria on the balance of power in the Middle East?
Let us know where the Assad government went wrong in Syria? What effect will the coup have on the Middle East? At the same time, India has had diplomatic relations with Syria for 74 years. Syria’s Assad government had supported India on the Kashmir issue. He had termed the Kashmir issue as an internal issue of India. In such a situation, the question is what effect will the turmoil in Syria have on diplomatic relations with India:-
Where did the Assad government go wrong?
Human rights abuses: The civil war in Syria started with the Arab Spring in 2011. The Assad government has been accused of numerous human rights abuses, including the killing of civilians, torture in prison, and other human rights violations. The Assad government ignored these allegations.
Civil War: The civil war has been going on in Syria since 2011, in which several rebel groups are fighting against the Assad government. The Assad government could not take effective steps to end this civil war.
Tension with the international community: The Assad government has strained relations with many countries, including the US, the European Union, and several Arab countries.
Corruption allegations: Many other allegations have also been made against the Assad government, including corruption, abuse of power, and other irregularities.
How did the coup happen in Syria?
-On November 27, conflict began between the Syrian army and rebels.
– On December 1, the rebel group Hayat Tahrir al-Sham i.e. HTS captured Aleppo, its largest city.
– On December 5, HTS captured the city of Hama in Syria.
– Daraa was captured on 6 December and Homs city on 7 December.
-On December 8, rebel groups started moving towards the capital Damascus. During this time, President Assad left the country with his family.
-On the same day, rebels entered Rashtrapati Bhavan and Parliament House. Looted a lot. They looted the goods there and took it to their home.
-Rebels in Syria celebrated with guns on the streets. Rebel women also celebrated on the streets.
-After the coup, thousands of people were seen fleeing the country. Long queues of vehicles were seen.
-During this period, rebels also attacked the Iranian Embassy in Damascus.
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How did Assad and family escape from Syria?
-According to Aljazeera’s report, the Syrian Air plane took off from Damascus at around 4 am on Sunday morning local time. Asad and his family members were in it.
-This plane first moved towards the shores of the Mediterranean Sea, which is the stronghold of Assad’s Alawite sect. Meanwhile, the plane took a U-turn and started moving towards Hamz.
-It disappeared from radar around 4:40 minutes. Then speculations started about the plane crashing.
-Iran’s media even said that Israel shot down this plane, but there was no evidence of the plane crashing.
-It was also said that the plane’s transponder was turned off, so that it could not be known where it was going. It was told that the plane had landed briefly in the coastal city of Latakia, where Russia also has an army base.
-After this it is said that the Russian Air Force plane flew from Latakia to Moscow. Boarding this plane, Assad reached Moscow with his family. Then after some time, Russia confirmed that Putin has given shelter to Assad and his family.
Who will run the government now?
According to Arab media reports, Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) leader Mohammed al-Bashir will be the head of Syria’s interim government. Earlier, he had led the HTS government in Idlib state of Syria. Bashar al-Assad belongs to the Alawite community. This community is a minority in Syria. The population of the Alawi community in Syria is only 12%, but the power was with this Alawi dynasty.
Diplomatic relations started from 1950
Diplomatic relations between India and Syria started in 1950. In 1957, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru visited America via Damascus. To seal this friendship, a road on the famous Umayyad Square of Damascus has been named after Jawaharlal Nehru. Over the years, relations between India and Syria have remained strong despite many wars and political crises. Assad and his family have been ruling Syria for 53 years. Now after the fall of Assad government, it is considered inevitable that relations will be affected.
Why is Türkiye so happy with the end of the Assad government in Syria?
Syria supported India on these issues
-First under the leadership of Hafez al-Assad and then his son Bashar al-Assad, the Syrian government has always supported India on important issues.
-When many Islamic countries were supporting Pakistan on the issue of Kashmir, but Syria stood with the sovereignty of India.
Even after the removal of Article 370 from Jammu and Kashmir, Syria supported the Indian government and called it an internal matter of India.
-In 2003, the then PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee went on a tour to Syria. At that time India gave a line of credit of 25 million dollars and a grant of 1 million dollars to Syria.
-Bashar al-Assad visited India in 2008. At this time India proposed to build an IT Center of Excellence in Syria.
India’s new challenge
-Now after the coup in Syria, there is a danger of return of fundamentalist and terrorist forces there. This will be a big challenge for India.
-ISIS, which was crushed by the Bashar government with the help of Russia and Iran, will rise again.
-Its impact will not only be on West Asia, but its impact will be visible outside it as well. Because the strengthening of a group like ISIS is a security challenge for India.
-If the rebellion in Syria does not stop, it will have a direct impact on the prices of crude oil. Oil prices may rise. India will definitely be affected by this.
-India has started power and solar plant projects in Syria. There is a good investment from India. These projects will be affected if the rebellion increases.
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What did India say on Syria?
India has spoken in favor of peace in Syria. India has said that this peace initiative should be under the leadership of Syria only. Even during the civil war, India has kept its embassy there under the UNSC resolution.
How many Indians live in Syria?
There are about 90 thousand Indian citizens in Syria. Of these, 14 are working in different United Nations organizations. The Ministry of External Affairs said that Indian people living in Syria should remain in touch with the emergency helpline number +963 993385973 (also on WhatsApp) and email id hoc.damascus@mea.gov.in of the Indian Embassy in Damascus for updates.
What will be the impact of the coup in Syria on the world?
-Syria is geopolitically important. It is bordered by countries like Iraq, Turkey, Jordan, Lebanon and Israel. Control over Syria provides access to important trade routes and energy corridors. The coup here will further escalate the fight for supremacy.
-The coup in Syria can have many effects on the world. First of all, it will affect the political situation in the Middle East, because Syria is an important country that is linked to many international and regional issues.
– The effect of the rebellion in Syria will also be visible on Russia. Because Syria is its most reliable partner in Western Asia. Russia has been providing all kinds of military, economic and strategic help to Bashar al-Assad. On the other hand, the rebels have American support, so Russia would like Assad’s government to be formed again. Because if this had not happened then the rebels might try to create unrest in Russia with the support of America.
-The coup may affect the global economy. Syria is an important energy source, especially in the field of energy and trade. In such a situation, any political change can have an impact on the global energy market.
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Coups have taken place in these neighboring countries too
Bangladesh: On August 5, 2024, Sheikh Hasina had to flee the country in Bangladesh. The protesters had entered his house. The situation was such that the statue of the Father of the Nation of Bangladesh Sheikh Mujipur Rahman was vandalized.
Sri Lanka: In India’s neighborhood Sri Lanka, on July 13, 2022, President Gotabaya Rajapaksa had to flee the country due to people’s anger and protest over the economic crisis. Even then people had entered Rashtrapati Bhavan.
Afghanistan: As soon as America withdrew its troops from Afghanistan in 2021, the Taliban captured Kabul. Taliban terrorists had captured Rashtrapati Bhavan. President Ashraf Ghani had to flee the country. He had to take refuge in UAE.
Myanmar: In 2021 itself, the army ousted the elected government of Aung San Suu Kyi in Myanmar. The army had taken power into its own hands.
NDTV Info Story: Thrones shook, statues collapsed, after Saddam, Gaddafi, Mubarak trouble, now Hafiz-al-Assad
