Can this virus be as dangerous as COVID-19? What are the similarities between the two? What are the symptoms, and what have experts said so far? Is there a vaccine for HMPV? Many such questions are coming in the minds of people.
The outbreak of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) in China has raised concerns globally. Many other countries including India are keeping a close watch on this virus and its spread. But is this really worrying? Can this virus be as dangerous as COVID-19? What are the similarities between the two? What are the symptoms, and what have experts said so far? Is there a vaccine for HMPV? Many such questions are coming in the minds of people. Many people are comparing this virus with COVID-19 (HMPV vs COVID-19). Dr. Ankita Baidya is answering all these questions. Dr. Ankita works in the Infectious Diseases Department of Manipal Hospital Dwarka, New Delhi.
What is Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)?
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a common respiratory virus that causes upper and lower respiratory infections (such as colds). It is a seasonal disease, usually occurring in winter and early spring. It is similar to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and flu.
What are the symptoms of HMPV?
In terms of symptoms, HMPV usually causes flu-like symptoms like fever, sore throat, runny nose, nasal congestion, cough, body aches and malaise. Young children and the elderly are particularly susceptible to HMPV infection due to weakened immunity.
In some cases, they may also suffer serious complications like pneumonia. They may also need to be hospitalized due to complications associated with this infection.
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How many cases of HMPV have been reported in India?
On Monday, January 6, 5 cases of HMPV virus were reported in India. The Health Ministry has confirmed that two children, a 3-month-old and an 8-month-old, have been found infected with the virus in a hospital in Bengaluru. Two more cases were reported in Chennai. A case came to light in Ahmedabad.
Since January 7, 8 cases of HMPV infection have been reported across India. HMPV cases were initially reported in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. On the same day, another case of HMPV was reported in Gujarat. Two more cases were reported from Nagpur in Maharashtra. On Wednesday, one more case of HMPV was reported in Mumbai, taking the total number of HMPV cases in Maharashtra to three.
Similarities between HMPV and COVID-19 virus?
Coronavirus or COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The HMPV virus and the SARS-CoV-2 virus are similar in some ways:
1. Both have respiratory problems
Both viruses can cause respiratory disease in people of all ages. Small children, older adults and people with weak immunity are at greatest risk.
2. Both show similar symptoms
The symptoms of both COVID-19 and HMPV are also almost similar. Symptoms associated with HMPV include cough, fever, blocked nose, and difficulty breathing. These symptoms are also seen in people infected with the COVID-19 virus.
3. Both spread in the same way
Both of these viruses spread to others through discharge from an infected person through coughs and sneezes and through close personal contact. They also spread by touching objects or surfaces that have viruses on them, and then touching the mouth, nose, or eyes.
4. Both grow more in cold climates
According to Science Direct, COVID-19 is sensitive to temperature, and therefore seasonal. Similarly, HMPV spreads in different annual seasons. Although HMPV can occur year-round, infection typically peaks in the late winter to early spring in the United States.
Difference between HMPV and COVID-19 virus (HMPV vs COVID-19)?
1. There is a difference in the spread rate of both
The HMPV virus has a lower transmission rate than COVID-19.
2 The mortality rate in HMPV is negligible
The mortality rate of HMPV virus infection is negligible. Many people infected with COVID-19 lost their lives.
3. Ventilator may have been needed in Covid
Ventilators typically pump air into patients’ airways, along with extra oxygen, when they are unable to breathe properly on their own. If lung function is severely impaired, or a disease like COVID-19 has affected your lungs, you may need a ventilator.
4 The effect of Covid was visible on other organs also
HMPV virus infection does not affect other organs, but COVID-19 virus can also affect the heart, kidneys, lungs and blood vessels.
Is there a vaccine to prevent HMPV from spreading like COVID-19?
No, there is currently no vaccine for HMPV, like COVID-19, and antiviral treatment is not recommended. But patients can help prevent the spread of HMPV and other respiratory viruses by following some tips:
Wash both hands frequently with soap and water for at least 20 seconds.
Avoid touching eyes, nose or mouth with unwashed hands.
Avoid close contact with sick people.
Patients who have cold-like symptoms should cover their mouth and nose while coughing and sneezing.
Avoid sharing cups and eating utensils with others.
Remember:
To reduce the risk of contracting or transmitting HMPV – maintaining hand hygiene, wearing a mask and practicing social distancing are effective. The incubation period for this virus is 3-6 days, so individuals experiencing symptoms should wear a mask at all times to prevent infection.
Also, if anyone is traveling from HMPV-affected areas, they should proactively report to health authorities upon arrival. This helps in early detection, prevention of infection and ensures the safety of our families and loved ones.
Who is at higher risk of HMPV in India?
The hMPV virus can pose a significant risk, with young children, the elderly, pregnant women, and those with weakened immune systems being particularly at risk.
Also read: Newborn babies are at greater risk from HMPV virus, experts are telling 7 ways to protect newborn babies.
