Tehran:
The implementation of the strict law regarding hijab in Iran has been stopped for the time being. It was to be implemented from Friday, but in view of the current environment and the criticism being faced in the country and abroad, it has been postponed. According to the new law of Hijab, women who will not completely cover their hair, hands and legs; There is a provision of 15 years jail and fine for them. Iranian President Masoud Pazhakian says that this law is vague. This needs improvement. He has asked for reconsideration of some of its provisions. At the same time, many human rights organizations including Amnesty International have criticized this law. After which Iran has withdrawn its feet from this law.
Hijab has long been an issue of controversy in Iran. The issue of Hijab is 70 years old. Before 1979, Iran was a very open society. There women were allowed everything from voting rights to wearing shorts and bikinis. But, everything changed after the overthrow of Shah. Hijab was made mandatory for women. Let us know how Iran decided the journey from bikini to hijab? What is its story:-
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What is the difference between hijab, niqab and burqa?
There is a word in Arabic, Hajab. Hajab means to hide or cover. The word Hijab originated from this. Hijab is not actually a garment in itself. It is generally used in the sense of covering the head. There is a difference between hijab, niqab and burqa in Islam. Hijab is used only to cover the head. Niqab is a kind of curtain, which is used to cover the face. Whereas burqa is used to cover the entire body.
Actually, hijab was started out of necessity. People of Mesopotamian civilization used linen cloth to protect their heads from strong sunlight, dust and rain. It is also mentioned in an Assyrian inscription of the 13th century. However, later it became mandatory for women to wear it by linking it with religion.
Where did hijab come from in Iran?
The story of hijab in Iran starts from 1950. At that time, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was in power in Iran with the support of the American intelligence agency CIA. He made many changes in Iran during his period. Especially women were given equal rights. In those times, women had the right to roam freely alone, express their views in public forums, vote and wear clothes of their choice. During Pahlavi’s reign, it was common for Iranian women to hang out with men in clubs and pubs, swim wearing bikinis and keep their hair open. Women could leave the house whenever they wanted. She could study as much as she wanted and whatever she wanted. Women used to drive cars. They were not given any kind of restriction.
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Women’s lives changed in 1979
Meanwhile, once again the winds of change came in Iran. In 1979, there was a change in the power of Iran and the lives of Iranian women also changed forever. This change, which was supposed to take women forward, pushed them back many years. Women who once felt bold in open hair and bikini. She used to enjoy sun bathing with men in the sea. Now she herself started feeling trapped in covered clothes and tied people.
These laws were made regarding hijab in Iran?
-Rules for wearing hijab were made since 1983.
-The use of cosmetics for girls was banned.
-If any woman was seen wearing lipstick, the religious police would have removed it with blades.
– The Iranian government ended the reforms of the Family Protection Law of 1967.
-The marriage age of girls in Iran was 18 years. It was reduced to 9 years.
Morality police formed to keep an eye on girls and women
Morality Police or Gasht-e-Irshad came into existence in 2005 to keep an eye on girls, boys and women in Iran. This police often pulled women driving on the roads. According to Iranian website Iran Wire, police arrests girls and old women for not wearing hijab. Many times they had to lose their lives due to this coercion and fear. In 2019, an 8 year old girl was also arrested. The girl’s only mistake was that she was not covering her head.
protests started again
-In 2017, widespread demonstrations started taking place in Iran regarding hijab. Women started taking to the streets for their rights.
-In November 2019, women held widespread demonstrations for their freedom and their rights.
-In 2022, women and student organizations in Iran strongly opposed hijab.
-On August 15, 2023, Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi signed a strict law regarding hijab.
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After the arrest of Parastu Ahmadi, the debate on hijab law intensified
After the arrest of female singer Parastu Ahmadi in Iran last week, the debate regarding hijab law intensified. Actually, Parastu Ahmadi had uploaded the video of the concert on YouTube on December 11. In which she was wearing a sleeveless dress. A case was registered against him in a court on Thursday. He was also arrested on Saturday. According to the report of The Independent, after this, more than 300 Iranian activists, writers and journalists have signed the petition, in which this new law was declared illegal.
In which countries hijab is banned?
While countries like Iran and Afghanistan talk about strict laws on hijab, there are many countries where wearing hijab is banned:-
-In Africa, there is a ban on covering the full face in Chad, some areas of Niger, the northern region of Cameroon and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
-In the year 2018, the Parliament of Denmark has made a law providing for fine on those who cover their entire face. If a person violates this ban for the second time, he is charged a fine 10 times more than the first time or faces a jail sentence of up to six months.
-There is a ban on wearing hijab even in Svyatopolk region of Russia. Anyone forcing someone to wear a burqa can be punished with a fine or a jail term of up to two years.
-France is the first European country to ban hijab, niqab and burqa. Under this, no woman, whether French or foreign, can go out of the house with her entire face covered. There was a provision for fine for breaking this rule.
– In Belgium, a ban on covering the full face has been imposed in July 2011. By law, any clothing that hides the identity of the wearer cannot be worn in public places.
-In the Netherlands, in 2016 itself, there was a ban on masks covering the full face while traveling in public transport.
Iranian singer arrested for singing in virtual concert without hijab
